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Vers libre
Vers libre is an open form of poetry that abandons consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or other forms of musical pattern. It thus tends to follow the rhythm of natural speech.
==Prefatory==
Vers libre is a poetic form of flexibility, complexity and naturalness〔Hover, Richard ''Poet in Town'' Interview with Boston Record Sept 1898〕 created in the late 19th century in France,in 1886, largely through the activities of ''La Vogue'', a weekly journal founded by Gustave Kahn,〔Scott, Clive, Vers libre : the emergence of free verse in France, 1886-1914 Clarendon Press, Oxford ISBN 978-0-19-815159-3〕 and the appearance of a band of poets unequalled at any one time in the history of French poetry,〔Hulme, T. E. Lecture on ''Modern Poetry'', Kensington Town Hall 1914〕 the ‘Counter-Romanticism’ led by Baudelaire, Verlaine, Rimbaud, Mallarmé, Laforgue, Corbière,〔Pratt, William,''Introduction to The Influence of French Symbolism on Modern American Poetry'' by René Taupin, AMS Press Inc, New York 1985 ISBN 0-404-61579-1〕 concerned with synaethesis (the harmony or equilibrium of sensation)〔I A Richards & C.K.Ogden ''The Foundations of Aesthestics'', Lear Publisher, New York 1925〕 later described as ‘ the moment when French poetry began to take consciousness of itself as poetry’.〔Maritain Jaques, ''The Situation of Poetry Now'', Philosophical Library, New York, 1955〕Gustave Kahn was commonly supposed to have invented the term Vers libre and according to F. S. Flint ‘was undoubtedly the first theorist of the techniques ‘.〔Flint, F. S., ''Contemporary French Poetry'',The Poetry Review Aug 1912〕 Later in 1912, Robert de Souza published his conclusion on the genre〔de Souza, Robert, ''Du Rythme en Francais'', Welter, Paris 1912〕 ‘ that a vers libre was possible which would keep all the essential characteristics of ''vers classique'', but would free it from the encumbrances which usage had made appear indispensable.〔Taupin, René, ''The Influence of French Symbolism on Modern American Poetry'' (1986),(trans William Pratt) Ams Studies in Modern Literature, ISBN 0-404-61579-1〕 Thus the practice of verse libre was not the abandoning of pattern, but the creation of an original and complicated metrical form for each poem.〔Pondrom, Cryrena The Road from Paris, French Influence on English Poetry 1900-1920 Cambridge University Press 1974 ISBN 978-0-521-13119-3〕 The formal stimulii for vers libre were ''vers libéré'',(French verse of the late 19th century that liberated itself from classical rules of versification whilst observing the principle of isosyllabism and regular patterned rhyme),and ''vers libre classique'',(a minor French genre of the 17th and 18th century which conformed to classic concepts, but in which lines of different length were irregularly and unpredictable combined), and ''vers populaire'' (versification derived from oral aspects of popular song).〔Scott, Clive, Vers libre : the emergence of free verse in France, 1886-1914 Clarendon Press, Oxford ISBN 978-0-19-815159-3〕Remy de Gourmont's ''Livre des Masques'' gave definition to the whole vers libre movement 〔Read, Herbert ''The Tenth Muse'' New York 1958〕 noting there should arise, at regular intervals, a full and complete line, which reassures the ear and guides the rhythm.〔Remy de Gourmant, ''Le Probleme du Style'', Paris 1900〕
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